Scientific Bulletin of Kherson State University Series Economic Sciences

BRAZIL'S NATIONAL DEFENSE STRATEGY IN STATE POLICY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MILITARY-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX

Viktoriia Tsvirova — Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The National Defense Strategy of Brazil plays a pivotal role in shaping the state policy aimed at developing the military-industrial complex, serving as a cornerstone for enhancing national security and technological sovereignty in an increasingly multipolar world. This article delves into the intricate relationship between Brazil's defense doctrines and the strategic initiatives designed to bolster its domestic arms production capabilities, highlighting how these elements intertwine to foster economic growth, innovation, and geopolitical autonomy. The discussion begins by examining the foundational principles of Brazil's National Defense Strategy, which emphasizes deterrence, cooperation, and sustainable development as key pillars. It explores how this strategy has evolved over recent decades, adapting to internal political changes, economic fluctuations, and external pressures. Central to the analysis is the state's policy framework for building the military-industrial complex, which encompasses legislative measures, investment priorities, and institutional reforms intended to integrate defense needs with industrial capabilities. Key issues addressed include the challenges of funding allocation, where limited budgets must balance between immediate operational requirements and long-term research and development projects. The article scrutinizes the role of public-private partnerships in driving innovation, such as collaborations between government entities, universities, and private firms to develop advanced weaponry, aerospace technologies, and naval systems tailored to Brazil's unique geographical and strategic context. It discusses how the strategy promotes dual-use technologies that benefit both military and civilian sectors, thereby maximizing economic returns and fostering technological spillovers into areas like renewable energy, telecommunications, and transportation. Obstacles such as bureaucratic inefficiencies, corruption risks, and skill gaps in the workforce are critically evaluated, along with proposed solutions like streamlined procurement processes and enhanced training programs. Overall, this exploration reveals the multifaceted nature of Brazil's approach, where national defense is not merely a military endeavor but a comprehensive policy tool for achieving sustainable progress. By integrating security imperatives with industrial ambitions, the strategy seeks to fortify Brazil against uncertainties while capitalizing on opportunities for growth. The article posits that successful implementation hinges on adaptive policymaking, continuous evaluation, and international cooperation, ultimately aiming to secure a prosperous and resilient future for the nation in an unpredictable global environment. Through this lens, the development of the military-industrial complex emerges as a vital mechanism for realizing Brazil's aspirations on the world stage, blending pragmatism with visionary planning to navigate the complexities of contemporary defense challenges.

REGIONAL BIOMASS COMMODITY EXCHANGE AS AN INSTITUTIONAL TOOL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CIRCULAR BIOECONOMY IN UKRAINE

Maryna Yaremova, Olena Kilnitska, Larysa Nedilska — Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article substantiates the theoretical and methodological foundations, as well as practical approaches, for establishing a regional biomass commodity exchange as an institutional mechanism for developing the circular bioeconomy in Ukraine. The research emphasizes that the effective functioning of the bioeconomy requires transparent, standardized, and well-coordinated mechanisms for the circulation of biomass resources, which currently remain fragmented and predominantly oriented towards energy use. Drawing on international experience, particularly the successful practices of Baltpool (Lithuania), APXENDEX (Netherlands), and the Midwest Biomass Exchange (USA), the paper highlights the benefits of integrating trading, certification, and logistics tools into a unified digital platform. The study identifies major challenges in Ukraine, including the lack of exchange mechanisms for non-energy biomass, insufficient harmonization of sustainability and quality standards, high transaction costs, and limited logistic coordination. To address these gaps, the authors propose an organizational and legal model of a regional biomass exchange based on the principles of clustering and public-private partnerships. Such an exchange is designed to act as a logistic hub within regional agrobio-clusters, ensuring transparent contracting, lowering transaction costs, diversifying the use of biomass for biofuel, biochemicals, and bioplastics, and strengthening regional competitiveness. The model also includes a concession-based mechanism for financing and risk-sharing between the state and private investors, which provides opportunities to attract foreign capital and implement innovative technologies. In conclusion, the creation of regional biomass commodity exchanges is argued to be a key catalyst for advancing the circular bioeconomy in Ukraine, combining economic efficiency with social and ecological benefits such as job creation, investment growth, carbon footprint reduction, and sustainable regional development.

MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION: THE INTERCONNECTION BETWEEN MANAGEMENT AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Rinat Abdulov, Ludmula Mishchenko, Yuliia Chentsova — Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article presents a comprehensive study of the transformation of corporate governance in the context of digitalization, covering the impact of emerging technologies, changes in stakeholder roles, and the reconsideration of principles of accountability and transparency. The relevance of the study is driven by the need to adapt existing managerial practices to the challenges of the digital economy, including the use of technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, Big Data, financial process automation, and the development of digital competencies among managerial personnel.The purpose of this article is to systematize scientific approaches to the digital transformation of corporate governance and to develop an original conceptual governance model capable of ensuring business resilience and adaptability in a high-tech environment.The research methods include content analysis of academic publications, comparative analysis of corporate governance models, methods of systematization and generalization, as well as elements of risk diagnostics and strategic forecasting. Based on the results of the study:the main areas of influence of digital technologies on corporate governance have been systematized (transparency, control, analytics, stakeholder communication);the risks associated with digital transformation have been identified, including ethical, regulatory, and cybersecurity concerns;both foreign and domestic approaches to digitalization of management functions have been generalized;the need for developing digital competencies and implementing ESG-oriented planning and budgeting has been substantiated;an original vision of an adaptive corporate governance model based on the digital integration of managerial, financial, and social mechanisms has been proposed.Digital transformation offers new opportunities for improving corporate governance efficiency; however, it requires a comprehensive rethinking of leadership roles, decision-making procedures, and the integration of innovative technologies, taking into account transparency, accountability, and sustainable development requirements. The proposed model may serve as a foundation for further academic and practical developments in enterprise management in the digital era.

MANAGEMENT APPROACHES TO MOTIVATION, FINANCIAL STABILITY, AND OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY IN MODERN ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Nina Zhytnyk, Iryna Sokyrynska, Inna Hretcka — Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article addresses the growing managerial challenge of sustaining employee motivation, financial stability, and occupational safety amid the turbulence of twenty-first-century entrepreneurship. It underscores the impact of geopolitical tensions, rapid technological shifts, and evolving labour-market expectations, which compel businesses to reconsider the traditional separation of HR, finance, and safety functions. Three key questions guide the discussion: (1) What combinations of incentives—salary, recognition, development, flexibility, and purpose—can maintain motivation amid tight budgets and uncertain careers? (2) How can liquidity cushions, adaptive budgeting, and revenue-volatility hedges preserve solvency without curbing investment? (3) Which safety practices, from digital dashboards to behaviour-based training, best protect workers under growing regulatory and ethical scrutiny? The article explores tools such as HR analytics, integrated financial dashboards, and smart PPE to demonstrate how cross-functional data enables more coherent and timely decision-making. It also considers how ESG standards increasingly serve as connective tissue, linking internal practices of motivation, financial discipline, and safety performance to broader stakeholder expectations—including investor confidence and customer trust. The rise of gig contracts, remote work, and algorithmics cheduling is analysed as a disruptive force that reshapes not only how motivation is cultivated but also how safety responsibilities are allocated, particularly within fragmented or nonstandard employment models. Emphasis is placed on cultivating a learning-oriented mindset that transforms near-miss incidents and financial distress into opportunities for reflection, adaptation, and continuous improvement. The article proposes an integrative, reflexive approach that breaks down functional silos and favours adaptive, ethically grounded, data-informed management systems. Scenario planning, real-time feedback loops, and proactive risk identification are presented as foundational tools for long-term entrepreneurial resilience in a volatile global environment.

MECHANISM FOR INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF DE-OCCUPIED TERRITORIES

Andrii Mokhnenko, Andrii Gaidychuk, Maksym Sergienko — Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The innovative development of Ukraine’s de-occupied territories is not only an economic necessity but also a geopolitical imperative, directly influencing national resilience, cohesion, and post-conflict transformation. These territories have suffered significant destruction of infrastructure, erosion of institutional capacity, and fragmentation of human and economic potential. The study aims to justify and construct a comprehensive, adaptive mechanism of innovation-driven regional development, specifically designed for the complex challenges of post-occupation recovery. The methodological framework includes systems analysis, SWOT analysis, and structural-target modeling, enabling a holistic understanding of regional innovation dynamics. The proposed mechanism comprises seven core components: object of influence (territorial socio-economic system), governing center (national and regional authorities), stakeholders (innovation actors), goals (strategic development outcomes), managerial processes and tools, external and internal factors, and a system for evaluating effectiveness. It incorporates an extensive set of instruments – financial, institutional, organizational, social, resource-based, and marketing – to activate innovation potential. Special focus is placed on restoring human capital, fostering technological entrepreneurship, enabling academic-industry collaboration, and developing localized innovation infrastructure. The model is designed to promote synergy among institutions, business, and civil society, forming a basis for integrated knowledge-based regional development. It has been demonstrated that innovation-oriented governance can significantly enhance the sustainability and competitiveness of post-conflict areas. Theoretical significance lies in the unification of innovation theory with regional reconstruction policy. Practical value is expressed in the model’s transferability to various Ukrainian regions. Scientific novelty stems from creating a scalable, multilevel mechanism for innovation governance under conditions of crisis and recovery. Limitations involve the lack of empirical application, which represents a direction for future applied research.

THE USE OF GENERATIVE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE MODELING AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ECONOMETRIC MODELS

Olena Lysenko — Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article is devoted to the study of the use of free functions of generative artificial intelligence (AI) system in econometric modeling of nonlinear multifactor economic processes, using the Cobb–Douglas production function as an example. The relevance of such research at the present stage of development and integration of artificial intelligence elements into all areas of economic activity is beyond doubt. The paper emphasizes the necessity of studying production functions that make it possible to account for the asymmetric laws of social production, the uneven distribution of economic resources among the structural components of the national economy, and to provide the most accurate macroeconomic forecasts. The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of estimated model parameters based on the provided data using the MS Excel application and queries to the generative AI ChatGPT. The paper examines the problem of discrepancies that arose between the calculations in MS Excel spreadsheets and the values of the production function and economic indicators generated by generative AI ChatGPT, based on the specified form of the Cobb–Douglas function and observational data describing enterprise performance over several periods, including the value of output, the value of fixed production assets, and labor costs. Through experimental investigation, the source of inaccuracies in the calculations compared to the results obtained in MS Excel spreadsheets was identified by analyzing the algorithm applied by generative AI ChatGPT in computing exponential functions. The results of constructing isoquants for the specified form of the production function using generative AI ChatGPT are analyzed, which may not fully correspond to the needs of a practicing economist. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of employing free functions of generative artificial intelligence ChatGPT in econometric modeling of nonlinear multifactor economic processes are assessed, illustrated through the case of a comprehensive economic analysis of the Cobb–Douglas production function indicators.